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The males of some species also possess anal glands or sternal glands, as well as secretory structures known as adenostyles on certain walking legs. In a few species, males are smaller than females. Differences may occur, for example, in the size and characteristics of chelicerae, pedipalps, and other structures.
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Sexual dimorphism (difference in appearance between males and females) can be seen in various species of daddy longlegs. Among predatory species of daddy longlegs, the pedipalps (second pair of appendages on the body) may be modified for grasping. The secretions may serve as a form of defense for certain species. In many species, the glands secrete a foul-smelling fluid through openings known as ozopores. Daddy longlegs also have scent glands, located near the front of the body. Extinct Tetrophthalmi possessed four eyes. Some species, however, such as certain members of the suborder Cyphophthalmi, lack eyes or have eyes positioned laterally on the cephalothorax. The lost limb cannot be regenerated, as it can in certain other types of insects, including many species of spiders.ĭaddy longlegs typically have two eyes located on a central knob on the front of the body. The slender legs break off easily and are sometimes sacrificed in a phenomenon known as leg autotomy, which may be used to escape a predator’s grasp. Of the four pairs of walking legs, the second pair may be specially adapted for sensory functions. Some of the longest legs-in excess of 15 cm (5.9 inches)-are found on certain species in the suborders Eupnoi and Laniatores.
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The legs are typically several times as long as the body. Its length can range from about 0.6 to 23 mm (0.02 to 0.9 inch), though the bodies of most species are between 3 and 7 mm (0.12 and 0.28 inch). The body of a daddy longlegs is spherical or ovoid in shape. A fifth, extinct suborder, Tetrophthalmi, is indicated by fossil specimens. The order Opiliones contains four extant suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Dyspnoi, Eupnoi, and Laniatores. But how much do you really know about their behavior and origins? Insects and spiders are fascinating, from delicate butterflies to dancing honeybees and fuzzy tarantulas. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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